{"id":377,"date":"2009-03-20T16:50:58","date_gmt":"2009-03-20T13:50:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/?p=377"},"modified":"2009-03-20T16:51:03","modified_gmt":"2009-03-20T13:51:03","slug":"cumhuriyet-kitap-internet-girilmesi-tehlikeli-ve-yasaktir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/?p=377","title":{"rendered":"Cumhuriyet Kitap: \u0130nternet: Girilmesi Tehlikeli ve Yasakt\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kitap 19.03.2009 – Sayfa:k07<\/a>: “\u0130nternet: Girilmesi Tehlikeli ve Yasakt\u0131r<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, bir u\u00e7ak yolculu\u011funda Youtube’da neler izledi\u011fini anlat\u0131rken bas\u0131n mensuplar\u0131 ‘Youtube’a girilmiyor’ diye itiraz ediyorlar. Erdo\u011fan; ‘Ben giriyorum, siz de girin’ kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veriyor. Bu haberin tarihi 21 Kas\u0131m 2008. O tarihte youtube.com adresine girenler ‘Bu siteye eri\u015fim mahkeme karar\u0131yla engellenmi\u015ftir’ yaz\u0131s\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorlar. Ba\u015fbakan’\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yasak olan internet sitelerine pratikte girilebildi\u011fini anlatan yaz\u0131lar, haberler \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ba\u015fbakan dahil herkes, mahkeme kararlar\u0131na ald\u0131rmadan eri\u015fimi yasaklanan sitelere girebiliyor. \u00dcstelik Erdo\u011fan, internet yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 sans\u00fcrleme amac\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ‘\u0130nternet Ortam\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n D\u00fczenlenmesi ve Bu Yay\u0131nlar Yoluyla \u0130\u015flenen Su\u00e7larla M\u00fccadele Edilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’u \u00e7\u0131kartan h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ba\u015f\u0131. Kendi \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanunu kendi bile uygulam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

MET\u0130N CEL\u00c2L<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu kavram karma\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7indeyken imdad\u0131m\u0131za bir kitap yeti\u015fti. Leeds \u00dcniversitesi’nden Yaman Akdeniz ve Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fak\u00fcltesi’nden Kerem Alt\u0131parmak’\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve \u0130ngilizce olarak yazd\u0131klar\u0131 \u0130nternet: Girilmesi Tehlikeli ve Yasakt\u0131r (Kas\u0131m 2008, \u0130maj Yay.), ‘T\u00fcrkiye’de \u0130nternet \u0130\u00e7erik D\u00fczenlemesi ve Sans\u00fcre \u0130li\u015fkin Ele\u015ftirel Bir De\u011ferlendirme’ altba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. Akdeniz-Alt\u0131parmak, \u0130nternet: Girilmesi Tehlikeli ve Yasakt\u0131r’a, internetin d\u00fcnyadaki en geni\u015f ileti\u015fim a\u011f\u0131 olarak k\u00fcresel oldu\u011funu, internetin m\u00fclkiyetinin kimseye ait olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir kurum ya da bir devlet taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilemeyece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek ba\u015fl\u0131yorlar. B\u00f6yle ele gelmez, s\u0131n\u0131rlanamaz bir yap\u0131y\u0131 denetlemek hatta sans\u00fcrlemek arzusu bu a\u00e7\u0131klama ile bile insana anlams\u0131z geliyor. \u0130nternetin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve denetlenemeyen yap\u0131s\u0131, bilgiye eri\u015fim, haberle\u015fme, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi temel insan hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin kullan\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmekle kalm\u0131yor, kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor da’ Geni\u015f halk kitleleri taraf\u0131ndan b\u00f6ylesine kolay eri\u015filip, kurals\u0131z, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z kullan\u0131labilen bir ileti\u015fim a\u011f\u0131 ku\u015fkusuz yasaklamay\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rlamay\u0131, engellemeyi i\u015f edinmi\u015f, kendisininkinden farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe tahamm\u00fcl edemeyenler i\u00e7in kabul edilemez bir \u015fey. Akdeniz-Alt\u0131parmak’\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re internetin iyice yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 90’l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ortas\u0131ndan itibaren yasaklama, engelleme arzusu olu\u015fmu\u015f ve bunun yollar\u0131 aranmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f. Bilgi Teknolojileri ve \u0130leti\u015fim Kurumu’nun (BTK) bir bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na g\u00f6re en pop\u00fcler y\u00f6ntem ‘internet filtrelemesi’, bunu yapan \u00fclkelerde, halk internete sadece devletin izin verdi\u011fi oranda girebiliyor. \u00c7in, \u0130ran, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri, Suriye, Kuzey Kore gibi, zaten ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc engellemeye e\u011filimli \u00fclkeler bu y\u00f6ntemi uyguluyor. T\u00fcrkiye ise, ‘makul d\u00fczeyde filtreleme yapan \u00fclkeler’ aras\u0131nda say\u0131l\u0131yormu\u015f, yani her zamanki gibi k\u00f6t\u00fcn\u00fcn bir iyisiyiz.<\/p>\n

1631 \u0130NTERNET S\u0130TES\u0130 YASAKLI<\/p>\n

\u0130nternet yasaklamalar\u0131, \u00e7ocuk por-nografisi, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, yabanc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, antisemitizm’le m\u00fccadele gibi hakl\u0131 gerek\u00e7elerle yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131yor. Ama insan bir kere ba\u015flamas\u0131n, tabii ki yasaklamakta s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131nm\u0131yor. Bak\u0131n, youtube’un yan\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli gerek\u00e7elerle mahkeme karar\u0131yla kapat\u0131lan siteler aras\u0131nda hangileri var; vatan gazetesi, google haberle\u015fme gruplar\u0131, ek\u015fi s\u00f6zl\u00fck, \u015fiir ve edebiyat sitesi antoloji.com, ateistlerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini yans\u0131tan ateizm.org, evrim kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 iddialara cevap veren cevaplar.worldpress.com, uluslararas\u0131 sinema bilgileri sitesi imdb, on binlerce ki\u015fisel siteyi bar\u0131nd\u0131ran geocities.com, egitimsen.org.tr, turandursun.com, anarsist.org, serdarortac.org, geyikhane.org, filmperdesi.com, videoklipleri.com, muslumgurses.org, devrimciler.com, komunistforum.org (kaynak: engelliweb.com). BTK’ye g\u00f6re 9 \u015eubat 2009 tarihi itibariyle T\u00fcrkiye’den eri\u015fimi engellenmi\u015f internet sitesi say\u0131s\u0131 1631. Ayr\u0131ca internet sitelerinden 459’undan ‘uygun olmayan i\u00e7eri\u011fin veya b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn’ kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f. T\u00fcrkiye’de engellemeleri, \u00f6zel bir yasa ile hukuki bir yap\u0131ya kavu\u015fturma \u00e7abalar\u0131 2001’de ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Zaman\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmeti internet yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bas\u0131n kanununa ba\u011flamak istemi\u015f ama d\u00f6nemin Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Ahmet Necdet Sezer, ‘yay\u0131nlar\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesinin t\u00fcm\u00fcyle kamu otoritelerinin takdirine b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Bas\u0131n Yasas\u0131’na ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 \u0130nternet yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fi ile ba\u011fda\u015fmamaktad\u0131r’ diyerek yasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini veto etmi\u015f. Tabii interneti kontrole alma \u00e7abalar\u0131 bu veto ile durmam\u0131\u015f. Erdo\u011fan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti 4 May\u0131s 2007’de 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 ‘\u0130nternet Ortam\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n D\u00fczenlenmesi ve Bu Yay\u0131nlar Yoluyla \u0130\u015flenen Su\u00e7larla M\u00fccadele Edilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’u \u00e7\u0131kartm\u0131\u015f. Sezer bu yasay\u0131 onaylam\u0131\u015f ve h\u0131zla, ba\u015fta youtube olmak \u00fczere internet siteleri yasaklanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Ama zaten, 2000 ba\u015flar\u0131ndan beri \u00e7e\u015fitli yasalar\u0131 gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6stererek internet siteleri yasaklan\u0131yormu\u015f. 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 yasaya dayanarak, fuhu\u015f, sa\u011fl\u0131k i\u00e7in tehlikeli madde, uyu\u015fturucu kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rma, intihara y\u00f6nlendirme, bahis – kumar, Atat\u00fcrk aleyhine i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar, kumar i\u00e7in yer ve imk\u00e2n sa\u011flama, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n cinsel istismar\u0131, m\u00fcstehcenlik gibi gerek\u00e7elerle yap\u0131lan engellemelerin \u00e7o\u011fu kamudan destek bulur. Burada ilk sorun uygulama. \u00d6rne\u011fin youtube’daki Atat\u00fcrk aleyhine bir klip mahkeme karar\u0131 ile yasaklan\u0131yorsa sadece o klibe eri\u015fim de\u011fil, sitenin tamam\u0131na eri\u015fim yasaklan\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylece geocities.com \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi tek bir siteyi sans\u00fcrlemek i\u00e7in on binlerce siteye giri\u015f engelleniyor, bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle tek bir kitap i\u00e7in milli k\u00fct\u00fcphane kapat\u0131l\u0131yor. Bunun \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz, moda deyimle orant\u0131s\u0131z bir cezaland\u0131rma oldu\u011funu rahat\u00e7a s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Oysa teknik olarak sadece yasaklanan klibe eri\u015fimi engellemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

RES’EN SANS\u00dcR<\/p>\n

Akdeniz-Alt\u0131parmak, yasada yasaklama i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan kavramlar\u0131n iyi tan\u0131mlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yoruma a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu yaz\u0131yor. Bildi\u011finiz gibi ‘m\u00fcstehcen’ diyerek d\u00fcnya edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ba\u015fyap\u0131tlar\u0131 bile yasaklan\u0131p toplat\u0131labiliyor. 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 yasada da ayn\u0131 mu\u011flak ifadeler kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00dcstelik yasa Telekom\u00fcnikasyon \u0130leti\u015fim Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na (T\u0130B) mahkeme karar\u0131 olmadan res’en sans\u00fcrleme yetkisi vermi\u015f. Eri\u015fime kapat\u0131lan 1631 internet sitesinin sadece 288’i yarg\u0131 karar\u0131yla, 1343’\u00fcn\u00fc ise T\u0130B res’en engellemi\u015f. Engellemelerin gerek\u00e7eleri a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131yor. Hele, internet kafelerin filitrelenme uygulamas\u0131 var ki, bu yolla ne kadar ve ne i\u00e7erikte siteye eri\u015fimin engellendi\u011fi bilinemiyor. Bu mu\u011flakl\u0131k y\u00f6neticilerin keyfi davranmas\u0131na, h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri rahats\u0131z eden yay\u0131nlar\u0131n da bu vesile ile yasaklanmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flayabilir. Hele kurulun istedi\u011fi \u015fekilde bu su\u00e7lara ‘hakaret ve s\u00f6vme’ eklenirse, site yasaklamalar\u0131n\u0131n sonunun gelmeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k. \u0130nternete eri\u015fim, sadece 5651. yasa ile engellenmiyor, medeni kanun, fikir ve sanat eserleri kanunu gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli kanunlardan yararlanarak mahkemelerden ihtiyati tedbir karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartarak da sans\u00fcr m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Adnan Hoca ad\u0131yla tan\u0131nan Adnan Oktar’\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli m\u00fcracatlar\u0131 ile bu yolla evrim teorisini destekleyen ve kendisini ele\u015ftiren gazetevatan.com, egitimsen.org.tr, turandursun.com, richardawkins.net gibi siteleri, \u00fc\u00e7 milyon blog i\u00e7eren wordpress.com’un ve y\u00fczbinlerce gruptan olu\u015fan googlegroups’un tamam\u0131n\u0131 engelletmi\u015fler. Hatta, bu engelleme giri\u015fimlerini ele\u015ftiren bianet gibi haber sitelerini kapatt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurular da yapm\u0131\u015flar. T\u0130B \u0130nternet Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 2007-2008 faaliyet raporuna g\u00f6re, mahkeme yoluyla eri\u015fimi engellemede birinci Ankara 11. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi (87 alan ad\u0131), ikinci Ayd\u0131n Didim Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi (24 alan ad\u0131), \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Ankara 1. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi (16 alan ad\u0131). A\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemeleri daha \u00e7ok Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu’na dayanarak kararlar al\u0131yormu\u015f, bu mahkemeler gizli y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden gerek\u00e7eleri bilinemiyor. Kararlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu \u00d6zg\u00fcr G\u00fcndem Gazetesi, F\u0131rat Haber Ajans\u0131, Ankara Sosyalist Gen\u00e7lik Derne\u011fi gibi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n sol ve K\u00fcrt yanl\u0131s\u0131 sitelerini engellemek i\u00e7in al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. \u0130nternet yoluyla ihlallere bakan merkezi bir mahkeme olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yurdun her yan\u0131ndan her an yeni bir karar \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, her an bir internet sitesinin kapanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Youtube, \u00e7e\u015fitli kararlarla defalarca yeniden kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Akdeniz-Alt\u0131parmak, ‘\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc birden \u00e7ok boyutuyla 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanundan olumsuz etkilenmi\u015ftir’ diyor ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele\u015ftirilerini yap\u0131p, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerini getiriyor. Yasal d\u00fczenleme ve uygulama ile yap\u0131lan sadece bilgi ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin yay\u0131lmas\u0131na de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda insanlar\u0131n bu bilgilere ula\u015fma hakk\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesidir. Engellemelerin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e daha da geni\u015fleyece\u011fi, kurulan ihbar mekanizmalar\u0131 ile say\u0131lar\u0131n artaca\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7ek. “<\/p>\n

(Via <\/a>.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kitap 19.03.2009 – Sayfa:k07: “\u0130nternet: Girilmesi Tehlikeli ve Yasakt\u0131r Ba\u015fbakan Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, bir u\u00e7ak yolculu\u011funda Youtube’da neler izledi\u011fini anlat\u0131rken bas\u0131n mensuplar\u0131 ‘Youtube’a girilmiyor’ diye itiraz ediyorlar. Erdo\u011fan; ‘Ben giriyorum, siz de girin’ kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veriyor. Bu haberin tarihi 21 Kas\u0131m 2008. O tarihte youtube.com adresine girenler ‘Bu siteye eri\u015fim mahkeme karar\u0131yla engellenmi\u015ftir’ yaz\u0131s\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorlar. Ba\u015fbakan’\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yasak olan internet sitelerine…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[22,5,21,3,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-5651-nolu-kanun","category-dusunce-ozgurlugu","category-erisim-engelleme","category-sansur","category-tib"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7wjA8-65","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/377","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=377"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/377\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=377"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=377"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/privacy.cyber-rights.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=377"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}